Every human being is born with inalienable rights: the right to life, property, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. These rights protect the individual from various kinds of oppression. Craig Biddle begins this video by explaining what these rights consist of and how they have evolved. Throughout history three principal approaches have accounted for the origins of rights: divine, derived from God; natural, derived from nature; and social, derived from society and governments. Biddle explains the basic premise of each of these ideas and the challenges they present. Finally, he explores the origins of the concept of moral principles.
Craig Biddle
Craig Biddle is editor and publisher of the Objective Standard, a journal of culture and politics, and author of Loving Life: The Morality of Self-Interest and the Facts that Support It. He also writes for the Capitalism Magazine website. He is a member of the speaker’s bureau of the Ayn Rand Institute and lectures on ethical and epistemological issues from an objectivist perspective.
The Source and Nature of Rights (Part I) Common Theories of Rights and Why They Fall, Toward a Viable Theory of Rights Craig Biddle
Student Center, CE-200 Universidad Francisco Marroquín Guatemala, October 26, 2009
A New Media - UFM production. Guatemala, November 2009 Camera: Joni Vasquez; digital editing: Mynor de León; index and synopsis: Sergio Bustamante; content reviser: Jennifer Keller; publication: Mario Pivaral/Carlos Petz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons 3.0 License Este trabajo ha sido registrado con una licencia Creative Commons 3.0
Content
Initial credits
Introduction
Rights in the United States
Twentieth century
Financial crisis
U.S. success and failure
Objective foundation for principle of rights
Radical ideas on Ayn Rand
Outline of seminar
Common theories of rights
Approaches to rights in history
Rights come from God
Existence of God
Rights come from society
Social consensus
Quotations from advocates
Freedoms of action granted by law
Rights come from nature
Natural moral law
History of natural law
Source of natural rights
Rights theorists
Problems with the theories
Rights come from God
Evidence of existence
Faith
Rights come from society
Inexistence of rights
Rights come from nature
What is the natural source of rights?
John Locke's view
God
Quotes John Locke
John Locke's definition of the law of nature
Quotes Thomas Jefferson
Quotes John Adams
Quotes Claude Frédéric Bastiat
Moral law
Quotes Hugo Grotius
Anchoring laws in nature
Definition of moral laws
Lack of specificity regarding moral laws
Absence of demonstrable proof
Quotes John N. Gray
Ontology
Fundamental branches of philosophy
Metaphysics
One reality
Freedom to act
Ethics
Mistake of Milton Friedman
Axioms
Origin of moral principles
The is-ought dichotomy
The naturalistic fallacy
Goals
Morality
Pursuit of ends
Justification of goals
Derivation of moral principles
Quotes Charlie Dunbar Broad
Moral subjectivism
Is-ought gap
Final words
Final credits
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Universidad Francisco Marroquín
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