Ph.D. in economics from UCLA in 1984 and taught economics at the University of California at Davis and the Wharton School. He holds the H.H. Macaulay Endowed Chair in Economics at Clemson, conducting research in the field of Law and Economics and specializing in the Information Economy, including the analysis of markets and regulation in telecommunications, media, and the Internet. He served as Chief Economist of the Federal Communications Commission before and has provided expert testimony to federal and state courts, committees of Congress and foreign governments. He is author of the book Public Policy Toward Cable Television.