Transcript
  • 00:00    |    
    Inicial credits
  • 00:08    |    
    Introduction by João Espada
  • 03:12    |    
    Karl Popper
  • Biography
  • 09:45    |    
    Philosophy of knowledge
  • 10:49    |    
    Asymmetry of universal statements
    • Example of the white swan
    • Universal statement refutation
    • Scientific knowledge is not a proof
  • 20:06    |    
    Conjectures and refutations
    • Activity of science
    • Fallibilistic absolutism
  • 29:56    |    
    Political philosophy
  • 30:13    |    
    The open society versus the closed society
    • The main difference between both
    • Open society's political regime
    • Is democracy the best regime?
    • Popper's definition of democracy
  • 48:20    |    
    Popper's theory of democracy
  • 48:53    |    
    Old theory
    • Plato's ideas
    • Who should rule?
    • The paradox of democracy
    • Monarchy
    • Aristocracy
    • Democracy
    • How can you solve the paradox?
    • What is our question about the best regime?
    • Differences between questions
  • 01:07:58    |    
    How has the western democracy solved this paradox?
    • Constitutional government
    • Characteristics
    • Representative government
    • Democracy in an open society
    • Importance of constitution
  • 01:21:05    |    
    Isaiah Berlin
  • Biography by Michael Ignatieff
  • 01:27:45    |    
    Two important questions
    • Why can people be so violent?
    • How can we avoid this?
  • 01:31:27    |    
    , Isaiah Berlin (2009)
    • Differences and confutations
    • Political theory is about disagreement
    • The crucial role of ideas
    • The central question in politics
    • Limits of coercion
    • Cold war
    • The cold war comes from two concepts
  • 01:49:15    |    
    The negative concept of liberty
    • Example
    • Absence of coercion
  • 01:52:12    |    
    The positive concept of liberty
  • Magna carta
  • 01:57:00    |    
    Contrast between both
    • Economics terms
    • Example
    • Equally free
    • Threats to liberty
    • Equal shares
    • The problem of obtain and maintain equal distribution
    • How is inequality generated?
    • Political terms
    • Philosophical and cultural terms
    • Force men to be free
  • 02:23:14    |    
    Isaiah's final conclusion
  • 02:29:22    |    
    Final credits


Main Debates in 20th Century Political Thought (Session 2)

New Media  | 13 de enero de 2016  | Vistas: 72

Karl Popper was one of the most influential philosopher of the 20th century. João Espada analyses Popper´s arguments on the book "The open society and it enemies". He presents an in-depth analysis of Popper's philosophy of knowledge, political philosophy and theory of democracy. Then he discusses the arguments of liberty proposed by Isaiah Berlin. He presents the positive and negative concept of liberty and the contrast between both.



 

 

 


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